Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies Assignment - 5
Merger, Acquisition, and International Strategies - Assignment Example Merging with AT&T saw T-Mobile acquire AT&T Company’s stock value. Through this merger, AT&T hopes to increase its networking, and coverage. In addition, AT&T focuses on expanding their deployment based on long-term evolution technology. In order for AT&T Company to continue running its business, the wireless industry remains vital, and as a result, AT&T requires introducing new strategies as well as manufacturing new devices, while developing new applications for their consumers. Study shows that T-Mobile struggled with their stocks going down, and, for this reason, they had to merge with AT&T, which favored the two companies. Earlier, T-Mobile dealt with basic services like voice mails, texts, free weekend offers, and other enticing services attractive to their customers. However, they lagged in terms of internet upgrading, and while their basic services seemed fabulous, they lagged in wireless data business. They lacked a good plan for their clients like affordable data, new devices, and wireless data. With all these technological changes, they saw a need for change considering their competitors like AT&T, Sprint, and Verizon’s success cases. Despite their struggle to acquire more customers through better services, T-Mobile could not compete with the 3G network. AT&T took the advantage and merged with this struggling company offering cheaper phones, plans, and no contract plans. This merger made them the largest wireless company in the United States . Publix Supermarket and its subsidiaries operate in retail foods supermarkets in many of the United States including South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee, Florida, and Alabama. Some of these company’s products include bakery, general merchandise, dairy, seafood, and pharmacies among other products and services. This company has both private-label brands as well as nationally advertised products. Other unbranded products like meat
Monday, October 28, 2019
Life In Nazi Germany Essay Example for Free
Life In Nazi Germany Essay It was a lovely day in Hamburg Germany; people are doing their own work and the children are attending at school. It was an ordinary day in Germany. There was equality in different kinds of people. Religion and Culture is not issue to people living in this state.            It was February 1, 1933 in Hamburg Germany. The story of my life that was dream became a historical nightmare to people living in this country. Pure German are the highest and royalty living in Germany. And Jews are the low class in the state they were being set aside of the Germany community.            I am Herbert David and this is a story of my life when this historical war began. I remember it was yesterday, a 13 year old boy skinny, fair complexion like other German child, tall and dark hair. I like spending my time reading book about heroic soldiers and playing my aircraft plane. I go to school and go to Church every Sunday. Some times, i just fool around with my two friends Randy and Ryan. They were my best of friends in my hometown.            My fathers name is Micael who’s a professional teacher teaching history downtown. He is tall, dark hair and he loves to teach children about the freedom of choice. My father is a very kind and lovable to children. He doesnt push my sister and i to a certain thing that we dont want to do.            My mothers name is Julie who a homemaker is preparing the needs of the family. A simple mother making sure that everyone is in good health. I have two sisters namely; Julianna, six years old the youngest in the family. She loves hugging everyone and makes each of the family members to smile everyday. Rachel ten year old who loves my mothers cooking and maybe she wanted to learn cooking because she loves eating a lot.            My two best friends; Randy loves writing about his feeling in a way of poetry and writing fictional stories that talks about life his a Jewish want to be a professional writer. Ryan in the other hand loves to play his favorite toy aircraft and wants to be a professional pilot when he grows up. While for me, I just want to be my father who teaches in school sharing experiences in life and give my thoughts to the young people who will be the next in line in life. Providing my family what they needed and make my father proud that I take his footstep as a teacher. I love children because I have two lovable sisters. And I want to be a good example to them and make my family proud of me. Randy, Ryan and I were under the tree near in my house sharing all the thoughts and dreams when we grow up. We were laughing in Ryans jokes about having a family someday. And I dont want to have a family yet I just want to make my family proud in what my goal is. My two friends and I went to home its almost time for supper and my mother is shouting its time for supper so we had to be separate ways and wave goodbye to each other.            My simple life in Germany changed when my family and I heard the news in the radio. A new Chancellor is designated in the country. Germany is a nation that is its history never experience in democracy. This state is in great depression with not enough food and people were jobless. The new chancellors name Adolf Hitler; he is also called the Nazi party as the Fuhrer.            Like a god they are marching and shouting hail to the fuhrer as they welcome Adolf in the new position he was assigned. At first he didnt promise any thing he said he doesnt want to make cheap promises but later part as he ruled Germany in his second speech he said â€Å" I will employ my strength for the welfare of the German†.            My Father was telling me that time that people are poor because of the promises of the previous chancellors. They make promises but because of the personal ambition they set aside the people to employ those were jobless. Adolf Hitler as I think will change all of it and make Germany a better place for people who live in it. My family was doubtful to this new Fuhrer but for my side i was happy due to Adolfs promise and a striking moment that he will not make cheap promises.            I was amaze to this person that he wants to organize the nation as one. How amazing thinking that people will not be hungry and people have jobs to provide the peoples needed. But time passes by and Hitlers promises changed to built new army and weapons. I was shocked when my friend randy and his family were taken away by the storm troopers.            The ordinance is to prison all the Jewish people because they were not pure race as Germans. His father was beating to death and psychological beating. The soldier is telling Randys father how to put the rope if he wants to kill his self. Randys father replied â€Å"i have a family and I will not kill myself because you want me to do†the soldier just gave the sausage and pretzel and left the father in the concentration camp. They were release after a year the Jewish and the social diplomat.            But time passes by and Hitlers promises changed to build the new army of his own and weapons for the country. A dictatorship and army was the 1st in Hitlers priority before the people. It was a massive destruction in Germany as Hitlers mind became evil and ambitious. It was April 1, 1933, the stores of the Jews boycott by the storm troopers of Hitler. They said it was the will of the Fuhrer and it must be done. But the boycott was ended for a day.            I was a kid seeing how Adolf ruined a simple place to a nightmare. Even the books of Jews were burned by the storm troopers the other army was disgusted what the storm trooper did. They even killed 800 Jews the night of the Broken Glass were Jewish building was bombed. The government was changed when Paul von Hindenburg was assigned Adolf Hitler as one of the chancellor. One of Hitlers comrade; Joseph Goebbels wrote in his diary â€Å"By appointing Hitler Chancellor of the Reich you have handed over our sacred German Fatherland to one of the greatest demagogues of all time. I prophesy to you this evil man will plunge our Reich into the abyss and will inflict immeasurable woe on our nation. Future generation will curse you in your grave for this action†. And it was true Adolf rule Germany as his comrade predicted. Adolf Hitler maybe a dictator but he did come up to employ people they called it employment skim by opening an autobahn in Germany. People havent felt the inflation slowly rise but they didnt mind. Germany was over in Adolf Hitlers hand and as for my opinion I dont want to stay Hitler in the position of ruling the state because there were no more peace in the country people are killing people and there no more equality in to it. I as German should be with German friend not half race like my friend randy. I was sad about what happen to Randy and his family they were hiding to the Nazi.  How his father was treated by the soldier I was fortunate and Ryan because we were Pure German. My family was treated as they were royalty and they were respectable. German People was brain wash as Adolf Hitlers was the Chancellor of Germany. Even the Children were involved in Adolf Hitlers creating a perfect world in Germany. First, the disable unborn was killed because they dont want in perfect person in their country. They doctors will write an x in the document of a certain child and they will inject methyl to kill the unborn child. But they will put in the document that the child had a certain disease or the child cannot be alive due to a sickness.            After those killings, the second was the children age 2 and up that is disabling. The army will talk to a certain family like in Ryans family he has a sister age 5 years old and his mother was in the hospital dropping Ryans sister for treatment but after an hour the doctor said that Ryans sister died due to a certain sickness. It was so horrible that even the children were in Adolfs propaganda in his perfect world and perfect people. Ryan and his family cannot do any thing because if we disobey the fuhrer we might be killed or abandoned in my country.            Ryans father was a German soldier he was telling me that when they oath in Adolfs Hitler and they were raising their arms he felt that this is no turning back because when we displease the fuhrer we maybe killed like the bombing of the apartment of the Jewish. He said that we are â€Å"master race†it means German should rule than others.             I called Hitler as the most evil leaders in the world because of what he did to my country and my friends. He treated the other race like a small little ant that he can squash it. He maybe created a new German revolution but it’s nightmare to my childs eye and for the people in Germany. I was scared and turn down my belief to Hitlers vision for Germany. Its sad that this intelligent man can do all the horrible things like this.             Discriminating and making Germany suffer to his own ambitious way. Adolf Hitler gave employment by opening the Autobahn but yet his visions to rein other borders are destroying Germany and peoples lives. They were dying because they risk their lives just to give what the fuhrer wants to take other countries. I talked to my father regarding of my studies. I was asking permission to my father that if I finish my studies I will join the army as like Ryans dream becoming a pilot in Germanys army. My father at first was furious about I was going to join in the army. He said if i want to live and see my sister alive I should be with them taking care of them. I was telling me many German armies died because of Hitlers ambition in Germany. But i told my father not to be bothered just trust in my idea. I want to join German army to change for the better. I want to help but not killing people that is not my race. I want to change for the better for Germany and my family. I want to protect my family because I heard from other people even German races kills because they disobey the will of the Fuhrer. I want to protect my mother and my two sisters to this evil man. And changed it for the better I maybe wearing a German uniform but it don’t mean Im a follower of the fuhrer. I will use my power as German army to help people that are discriminated the other German army, dont know how will I can change Germany in my own way but Ill try to change the system by doing good deeds in a small way. If ever I see some Jewish and maltreated by my comrades i will help the Jew and not discriminate the person as what I heard and saw before. I maybe a child as of know but hopefully in my goal I will provide the changes of the system of the government in a small way first. After that I will be a soldier as Ryans father to protect people not the government.            I didnt finish my studies due to the problem of the country. Jews were taken away and there was no equality. I decided to join the army. Though I really want is to teach but the fuhrer wants that all pure German man must obey to join the army because of some soldiers were dying in warship. My sister Julianna joined in this group called the amazons. They are displaying their nude bodies to the German officials and guest of the fuhrer.             As my observation its just a feast for the eyes of the guest. They said they do the pageant because they were displaying what god created so women are naked. Pure German Women can only married the German Man because of Hitlers ambitious of a perfect nation. Its a celebration for women to display their naked bodies riding horses. They were called Madam as a higher class woman. I was looking at my sister but I cant do anything for her. If I disobey Hitler I will be dead the next day or even shot that day of the event.            All I can do is look at my sister and in side my conscience I was furious and mad. I dont want what Im seeing it because men where having pleasured by eyes looking at my sisters naked body. I must focused and just to forget that event. After the event, fireworks were displayed in the sky but they didnt mind the fireworks but the women that have been displayed awhile ago. People were praising Hitler because he was taking over Germany. I was in the German Sixth Army Forces in early months of 1941. Hitler’s objectives to other borders were have direct access to the Middle East and be able to have the military capability to sweep Northward behind Soviet lines to Moscow. It was bloody war with the German army and the Russia in that year. I was scared for myself giving my life to Hitler that he just thinks of his ambition to the Germany. I reminisce when I was a kid that all I want to is to become a teacher and a soldier just to changed the rules in Hitler’s era I was wrong how can I help the people if I’m here fighting another border just to please the Fuhrer. My commander General Friedrich Paulus was the one leading the army for Hitler’s presents. We were carried to the borders of Moscow and Leningrad. It was called the â€Å"Operation of Barbarossa†. In summer of 1942 the main target was the oil fields of the Caucasus to gain the full mobility if we can gain the oil resources. Then a report came in the Hitlers changed his mind and he ordered us that part of the army will have to occupy to siege of Stalingrad. To divert the attack Hitler derelict the Caucasus Campaign that has a good chance of the army to win. In August 23, 1942 precisely 18:00 hours thousand of airplanes drop bombs on Stalingrad. In that city there were 600,000 people. Stalingrad was heavily hit by air attack; one raid of 600 planes started enormous fires and killed 40,000 civilians. We reached the Volga and Stalingrad and the soviet and the German fought for a long, we were bulging house to house battle for the city. Occupied Russian was fervent it was in the street and factory; building was still standing but destroyed. We won the territory my commander was over-whelming about the result using the fire power. We won that day and stay for the night some of the soldiers were hurt in the fight we have the medical but it will not last for long because the next day we were ordered to take down Stalingrad. To smash the enemy forces intense. Occupy the town and block the land communications between Ron and the Volga. It was a long urban shred strung out along the west bank of the Volga. Hitler was really determined to capture the major manufactured center and the communications system of the southern Russia. We were happy and drunken because as we know we settle the borders of Stalingrad. Some are jumping in the trucks, playing mouth organs and shouting like madmen.         I was drunk and yet I’m not that contented because I was thinking of my family in Hamburg. I was exhausted and seeing some of my associate was killed because of this. I was drunk not because of the war but forgetting the dreadful memories of the associates that was killed in this war. It was flashing back; they were crying for help some lost their fingers because of the fight or even their legs. I just lie down in the road and just close my eyes. The next day, war started all over. Russian attempts to annihilate the German armies between the Rivers of the Don and the Volga. The commander of the Soviet gives a note to the Soviet armies to not turn back in the German Army. It’s a battle of two borders and we were fighting for Hitler. We were shouting hail Adolf! We were killing lots of Soviet armies but they were estimated by 1 million men. November 19 the massive assault, under General Zhukov attacked in German flanks. Within 5 days they had executed a pincer group that 250,000 to 300,000 Germans and satellite troops. Hitler forbade Commander Paulus from attempting to split out to the German location was hopeless. The Russian Climate added to our worries because it is very chilly in the border. Some of my troops we slowly froze and we ran out of ammunition. I was terrified because I maybe the next to my troops grave. We were starved because of lack in food so my commander said that those who cannot battle will not provide food and starved them to death just to survive in the border. And for those who are still can fight will take the rations I was in the side of can fight and I can see the eyes of those who are wounded the pain and the hunger. They were crying and asking for food and medical attention but were in the battlefield and Hitler didn’t give any supplies to support the armies. The supplies were dropping an average of 70 tons of supplies throughout December. The needed minimum of the supplies we needed is 300 tons a day so we lack of supplies so some of the wounded troops are dying because my commander is letting them die due to lack of food. We were put on 1/3 rations and began to kill other troops that is useless and even the horses we kill and eat because of starvation. By December 7 my troops and I were living on one loaf of Bread for every five men. January 30 1943, Adolf Hitler promoted to Paulus to Field the Marshall and sent him a message reminding that no German Field Marshal had ever been captured. Hitler was clearly suggesting to my commander to commit suicide but he declined and the following day surrenders. The last of the German surrendered on the 2nd of February. The Battle for Stanlingrad was over. Over 91,000 men were captured and a further 150,000 had died during the siege my friend Ryan was been in the numbers who died in Stanlingrad. He was in the plane when the Soviet Union crashes his plane and ended his life. My commander was taken custody by the Soviet at first he hesitate to cooperate but when he heard that his friends will be executed he participate to make an appearance in the Nazi broadcasts. He told to the government officials to disobey Adolf Hitler’s commands. When Hitler watches the broadcast he orders Paulus family to prison. The troops were prisoner force to march to Siberia. About 45,000 died during the march and the prisoners in the war camps and only about 7,000 survived the war. Actually nobody knows what really the rates of the people died in Stalingrad â€Å"Patriotic War†. The Soviet Government never did release accurate casualty figures from the war. Some post-Soviet Russians have stated that Chuikov spent over one million soldier’s lives to hold the city, but that claim is almost certainly exaggerated. It was claim that Stalingrad was the bloodiest battle in world history. The soldiers of 6th Army who had been promised food and shelter by the Russians were not so fortunate. The Russians kept about 20,000 of them to remain as forced labor in Stalingrad to work at rebuilding the city they destroyed. We were slave after the fall of the 6th army in Stalingrad. I was so humiliated what my government done to us just to please Hitler’s ambitious ways. The rest were dispatched to numerous POW camps scattered from Siberia to Soviet Central Asia. Many died shortly after the surrender from a Typhus epidemic brought about by Lice and the unsanitary conditions experienced during the battle. Many more died of malnutrition, disease and neglect in the various prison camps run by the Soviets. Of the 90,000 who surrendered with Paulus, only 5,000 men survived to return home to Germany. Many of these men were held captive the longest by the Russians, as their release wasnt finally secured by W. German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer until 1955. After my troops and I was release in prison i went to home in Hamburg, Germany to see my family. I had a wounded leg and it has to be cut so they have to cut my one leg. When i went home, all the structures of homes were destroyed. Bodies of men and women was all over the place and blood shed in each home. I when to see my home and so my home was destroyed i knee led and cry in front of the house. Asking god why do they have to be dead i suffered enough all i want is to be home with my family. Then after crying and crying, my little sister whispering down beneath. She said â€Å" a little help here!†. There was a door, it was the cellar i forget that we have a hiding place down beneath the house. I Budge the door and reach my little sister. I was crying and hugging her never realized the pain in my leg. And Rachel and my father was helping my mother to get out the cellar. They were dirty and with bloods. My little sister, Julianna whispered â€Å"Thank god your alive!†I was hugging my parents and my two sister. Rachel told me they hide when the Nazi army was inform by the other German that i was a traitor so they come to my house to kill my family. They were inform about it and hide under ground. The Nazi bomb the house with a tanker and fortunately they were in side the cellar. The Nazi troops thought they were all dead. I survived in the war unfortunately; I was a handicap because the doctor has to cut my leg due to the severe damage of my leg because of the war. My life changes when I have 1 leg and it’s hard to think that I have to use wheel chair for the rest of my life. In my seven years in the army I realize so many things that sometimes life is unfair for the people who followed Adolf Hitler for the reason that the fuhrer who once a leader never stand back in his own people. He let the people suffered and then follows dead due to this ambition of taking the country and the order country just for his own self and his followers. I saw many things in my seven years in the army and it was horrifying and bloody. It seems that I didn’t take the opportunity to take stand what I believed. I just followed and silent all the years I was in the troops. To my troops were in great pain, they were crying even though they were men. They don’t want to die but they just followed what Hitler said to them. They take orders and they risk their lives to please what the fuhrer wants. It’s sad to think that they all died just because of a one person.       A person that it was considered as the most evil man in the world he wanted to have a perfect country but he created massive destruction and bloody war in each part of the world. He never thinks for his countrymen but just his self and his idea of a perfect country. I don’t have my family they died in the war I was left alone after the war. My Family and I migrate in the United States and live as a American citizen. We were just an ordinary people living in San Diego California. My father who takes care of my mother because of the traumatic experience. My father stop for a while teaching because no one can take care of my mother. He never talks about the Nazi nor Hitler. In my way of thinking my father doesnt want to talk about the event because we had lots of pain and its time for the healing process and forget about it. He may never tells us but we can feel what he mean even with out saying anything. My mother cant speak due to the cut of her tongue by a Nazi soldier. They were prison in their house and the Nazi soldier thought that they cannot escape but my father told my mother and my two sister to go under the cellar. Fortunately before the tanker attack they were inside the cellar.     The Nazi though they were dead and after that they just heard people screaming and begging for help. My sister Rachel so everything that the Nazi troops killing and shooting people in head. They were shot to dead and sometimes like a deer they just shot in a long range. They were shouting â€Å"Hail Hitler! Hail to the fuhrer!†and shoot their guns to people.            My sister was covering Juliannas ears so she cannot hear was going on out side. They were crying inside the cellar. My mother was traumatize and never speak that day. My sister Rachel was strong and brave so she was taking it in her self.  I’m pursuing what I really like and teaching children. I have been a teacher for quiet sometimes. After the war, I pursue my studies and plan for my life and for my family. Following my fathers footstep of being a teacher. I was a history teacher teaching grades school students, and hopefully i will get a masters degree in history teaching. I want to shared my experience to people that are not aware to the story of world war 2. Giving them the idea how hard to struggle in that era and those who are heroes in that history. By sharing my life they will reflect how they were fortunate to live in a free world country. How it is difference in living Germany under Hitlers era. How Hitler managed to conquer Germany by using military strategy. And discriminating the  other races except the Pure German races. How he kills all the civilians and sacrificing it with out any regrets or pity to the countrymen. Today, it is a peaceful environment no more massive killings and inequality even we have different cultures and raises. When I was I boy all I want is give change the better of my country but I was wrong of defending Hitler and joining his army. I thought in my mind that this man could change my poverty in Germany but I have felt the terror and horrifying things that in my mind until I die I will carry the experiences.            The people are killed because they are not the same as mine. Even my best friend Randy was in that inequality because he was a Jew. I never saw Randy after that tragic day. How is he or is he alive? One of the civilians told me a story that Randy was killed in the holocaust because he was trying to save his family. My heart was shattered because my best friends were all dead and Im still here in this earth facing the reality in life. In those seven years, I realized that in life we cannot predict what will happen to us. We will never know if tomorrow were still alive? The learning in this historical nightmare is to appreciate every individuals and life. We have to stand what we really believe if you know your right. In Hitler’s era, he ruled the people as military government and as for today there is a big difference in it. I have the freedom of choice and no one can tell me what is right or wrong believes.            My Randy died because of the wrong perspective in races and religion of the army troops His family was killed in the holocaust because they were Jewish. The holocaust is were Adolf Hitler put the Jewish Family and kills them inside the train. Those who survived told me that Randy was shot in the head because he tried to save his parents. His parents was in gas chambers and by using a poison gas they were killed for about fifteen minutes. I cannot do anything because i will be killed if i also help them. I was to scared to stand up what i have believed when i was a children. As that event i cant and scared for myself and for my family.            The discrimination of the Jewish cause lots of people dead in a instant. Because of Hitlers ambition to be all perfect the people also suffered and died. That Germany is for thee German people. Hitler brainwash the German telling that Jewish is poison in the country. He make believed that Germans are the highest and royalty in the country. This man was the evil man i ever known how he kills the people but not killing in his own hands. The blood shed was all over the country and the massive killing didnt stop but a lot of events in this black era had died in a horrifying death.            When we left Germany we never regrets that we are no more in that country. I was pleased that my family and i left the country and start in Unites States. My sister, Rachel is in San Diego California High school and Julianna is in grade school. And Im working at the grade school down town. My life change because some of the horrifying when i was in the army was so humiliating for me i was obeying the most evil man in the world way back in the world war two. He even concluded in the holocaust those who are homosexuals, Gypsies and even Communists that just want to express their rights. While in the united states the people gives ideas in their own ways. They can write their beliefs, shout out the road and protest all day want. In my times, they were killed by poison in the chamber or shot to death. But in the new country i was amazed that how people are expressive in their own rights. Having the right choice and choose what ever you want to say. Opportunity to speak wants in each in our minds and protecting the human life as well.            I reminiscing what happen then until today, and before i was a nightmare to my family and the people that lived in Germany in the World War II. I was more aware to the people around me. I respect the people even though they are not like German races. It doesnt matter what religion or culture or decision we have but the important is respecting every person.            In my family perspective like my father, he just wants to lived normal ordinary citizen and give my mothers attention. Because my mother cant speak no more. It so pity looking his wife like that while he is normal. My mothers eyes just have tears every time my father help him to eat. My mother was paralyzed due to the explosion when they hide in the cellar. She cannot speak nor move her feet. My sister and i knew that my fathers affection will help my mothers recovery and give a new start for my family and I.            I was teaching children but i am a handicap using a wheel chair sometimes i just cant forgive Hitler and ask what he had done to me. I cannot walk like before all i want before is to  teach children and have an ordinary life. A life that was taken for me to the dark age of world war II. As for now, i just go with my own life and pursuit my goal. Teaching Children and have my degree in Education in history. I want to explore life and tell stories about the Dark Age of Hitlers reign in Germany. I am setting my mind that even though Im a handicap and has a dark memories i can still change young adults mind to appreciate their lives and know their rights as a human being. Teaching them that sometimes life is unpredictable and learned for the mistakes that we have than in the past. And Even like is so unfair we have to strive and fight for our lives.            My family and I were helping each other by everyday session what we feel and what happen this past few days. We were bonding for giving affection to each other that telling each other that stand as a family a therapy for the souls to heal the wounded hearts. Give each other support in times of remembering the bad experiences that we had in the world war II. Protecting one another to cope in the tragic moment of the family. Its sad to see my family especially my mother cry every time she hear a gun shot in the Television. She was traumatize and we want her to realized that the war is over. We just hug her every time she feels she was in the stage of the Dark Age of Hitler.            My little sister Julianna just hug mother ever time my mother cries. She will say â€Å" Dont cry mama we here and were still alive. We will not stop loving you†. Then hug with tears my little sister. We know its hard to forget the horrific experience but were still trying to fight it how painful it is. We maybe faces the stage of recovering but the help of the new friends in the united states i think we can face and can heal the pain. Time could only tell when will my family and I can ever recover because the experiences are to scary to imagine.            One night i was dreaming my troops who died in the war they were crying for help and begging to save them. It shifted when i saw my two best friends Randy and Ryan under the tree near in my old house in hamburg Germany they we lying in the grass the surrounding were all black but i can see the tree that we always hanging out when we were a kid. They were not moving they just lying in the tree with their eyes closed. The background sound was the bombs, shot of a gun and the stomping of feet. I was just looking but not moving in my place. Then one Russian was holding a big sword he cut my one leg and hold my cut leg and just laughing loudly. I screamed with the pain i saw. Then Randy scream that he cannot move his body and he cannot breath. He was begging me to help him but i cant move my feet. I was in the ground sitting in with my blood. I was crying for help. Ryan was asking for help. He said â€Å"help us!Pls Help us!†. And i heard a plane coming to Ryans place and saw how the plane release a bomb through air and pointed in Ryan and Randys place and i shouted â€Å"No!†.            My sister Rachel woke me up and saying that Im just dreaming. I was crying in her shoulder that i told what i dreamed. She said that i cannot forgive myself in what happen to my friends and troops. I was devastated that night that whole night i talk to my sister Rachel about what i feel. I was crying so hard that asking why did my friends died? I cannot except how a tragic event will haunt me every day in my life.            I just when to church with my family praying for a piece of mind. We pray for the people that died in that dark age of Hitler. My little sister Julianna lit up a candle for the children that have died in the world war and the rest of the family pray for the peace of the soul who died while protecting their family.            After going to church, we went to the park for a picnic with the rest of the people who survived and left Germany. There was the a lot of family migrated after the down fall of Hitler. We were the survivors of the wars, In battlefield and in the holocaust. They were sharing their lives how they suffer and how they did survived in Hitlers era. We were eating while we were talking about the great stories.            Their was a lady sharing her story and showing in her risk the number. The number of her risk show that she was a victim of the holocaust. How she was separated with his father and hiding in her mothers skirt. Children were taking away from their parents and killing them by poison gas. Because the friends of Hitler said that we kill the old adults but the younger ones must the first to be killed because they can be a hindrance someday in Hitlers plans. The Lady said she was escaped by the help of her mother she run for her life but never see her mother and her 3 siblings anymore.            A striking in my flesh how this lady lost her family and can talk about the death of her family. She maybe realized to be strong and be dependent to herself because she was left alone not like me, i lost my friends and troops but i have still have my family alive and even i dont have my other leg i still have my family to be there whenever i needed comfort.            Those people that was victims of the Dark era was sharing their experiences while we were eating together in the park. My family was happy that they were alive and sharing the moments. I was thinking that my family has an extension a large family for those who were victims of the Hitlers era. A large community for people who were victims and sharing their live to each other to healed each others heart.            I talk to my father and have a great idea. I told my father what if we build an organization for us to help people that is victims of discrimination and inequality. Those who was survived in the war and for the present those who were discriminated by other people. At first my father hesitated because we dont have enough money to organize a organization. I told my father that the people will help and the citizen in the community will help also if we have a proper exposure.            And he agree to it and I open the meeting to the people who was in the picnic. Telling them we can stand for it and help one another. I saw how they shared with out a doubt to one another and by it an organization can be build by starting for the victims of the Hitlers era. I saw my mother tears falls down with her cheeks that in my heart i knew that it is the start of a new beginning for the family and the victims. That my mother will regain her strength and faith to live in a new stage of her life. I told them that we can start a new life and by the stories we will tell them in schools how we lived in that era and to protect people in abuse and human rights. They were applauding me after i explained what i have planned for the future.            After that day, people we going to my house and sharing their lives how they treated when they were in world war II. And my father and my mother was the one listening to each stories. My father gives them advices and moral support. My mother is the one who touches them to realized that they were sympathize in their behalf. My two sister were giving for them and sometimes listen also stories about the victims.            We were sharing the lives in my school when i have a history classes that is related to the topic. Giving the children to see that they were fortunate to live with out dictatorship. Sharing the lives of the victims changes the lives of my student. They were sympathizing the victims and giving their reaction and i can see in my students eyes that they can see clearly how the world war effect many lives in Germany. Their tears was falling when they heard that even children are killed just because of their culture and their religion.            After a month, a blessing came into the victims lives. They were given a place for every memorabilia and pictures of their family to remind the people that in world war many lives was taken and shattered but some people that survived because a hero to give idea that a right to live and freedom to say what you want it to say.            My family and I was over whelm to see my student give a special place to the victims and collect memorabilia to the victims and re-arranged it to the walls. Pictures of people who died in the war and most of them are also written names that every student put some personal prayer. When the grand opening of the New Hope Organization people in the neighborhood was attended the event. There was open eyes to them and give some donations for the victims of the war.            Some give attention to talk to them every day to heal the survivor in this dark age. And some give their time attention and love to the victims of the war. I was over whelm what they did. My family was helping to the new organization and hopefully we can gathered all the victims of the war not in a certain neighborhood but each country that was victims of Hitlers era.            That night we went to bed and i had dream again. Ryan and Randy was wearing white clothes and smiling at me under the tree that was my friends and I hang out when we were little. They were waving at me and telling me thank you for the help. I said to them dont thank me i am just an ordinary person that just want to ask forgiveness to them.             Randy said dont ask forgiveness because you didnt kill us but life is unpredictable we have to face and be courageous that we are dead. We have to have to sacrifice something to achieved a certain goal. They were telling me that i help the souls of the forgotten to see the light and to remember them as innocent who died in Hitlers era. After that my two best friends wave and disappeared.            I woke up and i saw the four corners of my room. I was happy that even randy and the victims of the war appreciate how the the living victims were cope in the new environment and appreciating that they were heroes in every stories. They maybe death but in the history of Hitlers in human stand a new way of thinking that, we can stand in our own.            We have human rights and have the right to choose to be alive in this world. No one can ever take this and by together all the victims and those who are voluntary helping to heal the people can change a new world. Changing the way of those who are not open in the historical dark era. And make a stand to people that Life is a right to live.            Adolf Hitler may killed many lives in Germany but again i stand for the victims who live and even they have dark experiences they will stand because of the people surrounds them. A lot was changed and my family gathers the pieces of a happy family i might dont have my other leg or my mother cannot talk for the rest of her life i know and she knows that a big changes when we left Germany and pick the pieces of each others life.            The organization will always be in the side of the victims and the death of the innocents. I will be the one who will uplift this vision and became a reality. By the help of people who are willing and open minded in the event. My father supported me to my goals and my vision. I Finish my degree and teaches college students in San Diego California. My two sister is studying in where i teach in high school. My mother cant talk but as i can see she cope in her trauma and helping in the victims by listening in their stories.                                               BIBLIOGRAPHY J and Einsiedel, H., Cassell Military Stalingrad: Memories and Reassessments, Wieder,London, 2nd Edition, 2002.             WalshS., Simon Schuster Stalingrad 1942 – 1943, London, 2000.            Pimlott, J.Viking (Penguin), the Viking Atlas of World War II London, 1995            Keegan, J. (Ed) Atlas of the Second World War            Times Books / Guild Publishing, London, 1989            Jukes G., MacDonald Co Stalingrad: The Turning Point            London, 1968            Good enough, S., Macdonald Co War Maps            London, 1982            Laurence Rees Samuel West            The Nazis (chaos and consent)            BBC World Wide, 2004
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Comparing Cultures in Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness :: comparison compare contrast essays
Clashing Cultures in Things Fall Apart and Heart of Darkness A culture defines what it's people perceive about evil, the place it gives to women, and its relationship with other cultures. The Ibo and European people in Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, have two distinct cultures that begin to blend when the white men come as missionaries and try to communicate and live together with the Africans. European culture also differs from native culture on the Congo rivers in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness. Only one man, Kurtz, really connects with the natives and then is taken away dying by his fellow Europeans. Evil is defined by it's culture, whether it be how the culture accepts another culture and condemns as evil or identifying specific items as evil. In Things Fall Apart, the Ibo culture veiled the Africans as primitive natives who held their own different, seen as evil, ways and traditions. In Heart of Darkness, Marlow viewed the natives with whom Kurtz is staying with as evil and feels their evil when he met them after traveling down the river. Once he heard that Kurtz ordered the natives to attack his ship, his views changed a little. Marlow experienced the evil that Kurtz did, and the even had the sickness that Kurtz died from. In both of these novels, specific places represent evil things in different cultures. Europeans treat a church as holy ground but to the Ibo culture who didn't know Jesus, it was just a building raised by the white invaders who settled among them. Europeans found the Congo River and a town on it's banks and it was thought of as evil because they hadn't exper ienced living there or vines covering them as they traveled along the river added to their thinking of an evil atmosphere. In Things Fall Apart, the clan refers to a forest as an evil forest and they cast everything they deem into it. For example, twins were thought of as a curse when born so they were cast into the forest and left to die. The evil forest didn't seem so evil to the European missionaries who came because they hadn't adopted this particular belief of evil into their culture. In fact, the clan purposely granted land in the evil forest to missionaries for their church, believing evil would destroy them, but the missionaries did last until the church was burnt down by members of the clan.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
The Innate Nature of Sin
The Innate Nature of Sin Nathaniel Hathorne was an author who consistently wrote about satires of the Puritan time. His short stories often revolved around themes of sin and how no one could escape from committing sin. The short stories â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,†written by Hawthorne, reflect these themes through elements of fiction, such as plot, setting, symbolism, and point of view. â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†is about a town’s minister who walks into Sunday Congregation with a heinous black veil covering his face.The veil shields him from the sins of the rest of the world, and the rest of the world from his sin. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†is about a newly married man who leaves Faith, his wife to follow a man into the forest, where Satanic Rituals occur. These Satanic Rituals are powered by the people Goodman Brown had once known to be the most religious. Through the elements of fiction, t he short stories â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,†show how there is no way for one escape from committing sin, no matter who they are. One of the stories Hawthorne writes is â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil. The story starts when a minster walks into his weekly Sunday sermon with a veil that cover’s his face.. The veil is seen as symbolic with sin, because the minister has started to wear his sin on his face. He is shunned from the town, as people start to grow uncomfortable in his presence. The veil is a constant reminder of their sins as well. When the Minister goes to a funeral of a girl, he walks in with the veil and stoops down to the corpse’s level, and when by accident his face unveiled (just to the corpse) â€Å"the corpse had slightly shuddered, rustling the shroud and muslin cap, though the countenance retained the composure of death. (â€Å"Black Veil†337). When the corpse sees the face of the minister, it shudders in reaction. This reaction gives hints about what may be behind the black veil. It shows that what is behind the black veil is so dark, and horrible that even a dead body has a reaction, and the only reaction a dead body can have is fear of what may be coming next. At its end, there’s nothing the corpse can do about its life and how it was lived: with or without sin. Seeing all the sin behind the veil scared the corpse, as it was a reflection of all the sin it could not longer escape.All of its sin had caught up with the corpse as it lay in the coffin. Then the Minister continued to make a sermon, praying that everybody be prepared for death when what is underneath the veil is revealed. This scene says that death is when all of one’s sins come to catch up with them, and everything underneath the veil is revealed as they are judged before God. The veil, in this sense, can be anything as a cover for sin. For the Minister, it was a physical a pie ce of cloth that covered his face.For other’s it can be their personalities; how they behave around others can deceive others of their sin. After the funeral, the Minister goes to a wedding and just about he’s about to take a sip of his wine, after wishing the couple happiness, he sees his own reflection: â€Å"catching a glimpse of his figure in the looking-glass, the black veil involved his own spirit in the horror with which it overwhelmed all others. His frame shuddered – his lips grew white – he spilt the untasted wine upon the carpet – and rushed forth into the darkness. (â€Å"Black Veil†338) In this scene, the Minister is, for the first time, seeing himself with the veil. His reaction is much similar to that of his congregation: fear.. Here, we see an element of fiction: Symbolism. The veil is symbolic for sins the Minister has committed. When he sees this veil, hHe feels fear – so much fear – that he drops what he is holding and flees. The fear of sin the veil ignites in him causes him to run, , as if to escape from them. He cannot let anyone see what he sees, as he is the only one who truly knows what his sins are.His sins are so frightening because he knows that eventually he will be accountable for every single one, and the veil will one day be pulled off. Even he, the Minister of the church, cannot escape from his sin, and eventually at death, everyone’s sins will catch up with him or her: At that point, there is nowhere to run. The next story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,†is about a young man who is leaving his wife to go meet someone in the forests. He meets a man, who looks like an older version of himself, (actually the devil) and tells him that he wishes to go back to his village.He tells the man, his family was full of good Christians, and that he is ashamed to be associated with the devil. As he tells the Devil that he has to follow a different path, the Devil responds à ¢â‚¬Å"Well Goodman Brown! I have been as well acquainted with your family as with ever a one among the Puritans; and that is no trifle to say. †(Hawthorne 326) When the Devil says this, Goodman Brown gets confused: He believed his family to be of one of the most religious, and to see them associate themselves with the devil seems to be a lie. He believes that there must be rumors about his family.He can’t accept the fact that his father, and grandfather, who were known to be pious people, associated themselves with the Devil of all people. Goodman Brown waves off some people the Devil names, saying that they choose their own path. Then he says to the Devil that he would not be able to talk to the Minister of Salem Village if he were to go on. The Devil’s response to this is â€Å"Thus far the elder traveler had listened with due gravity; but now burst into a fit if irrepressible mirth, shaking himself so violently that his snakelike staff actually seemed to wri ggle in sympathy. (Hawthorne 327) Here, the Devil bursts into laughter when Goodman Brown suggests the Minister is a good Christian man. Goodman brown is offended at the man for proving all of his acquaintances wrong. He learns in this story that nobody, not even his good little Faith, can escape the Devil. His father, grandfather, the Minister, and Faith have all be revealed to be following the Devil, and it’s something he cannot escape. In Conclusion, both short stories, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†and â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†by Nathaniel Hawthorn, reveal the inevitable sin of the people we trust the most.It shows us that nobody can escape sin, and it’s innate of human nature. When the town’s people first see the Minister with his veil, their reactions are all of shock and fear. During his first sermon with the veil â€Å"Each member of the congregation, the most innocent girl, and the man of hardened breast, felt as if the preach er had crept upon them behind his awful veil and discovered their hoarded iniquity of deed or thought. †(Hawthorne 336) Here, Hawthorne is describing the effect the veil had on the people of that town.Everybody who was at the sermon felt as though Minister Hooper had crept up to them, and discovered their sins of actions, and their sins of thoughts. It says even â€Å"the most innocent girl†felt her sins being discovered. This quote states that nobody can escape from sin, despite trying your hardest. The innocent girl should have been free of sins, but she feels the fear of her sins being unveiled just as everyone else. The fact that the Minister came into the sermon with his â€Å"sins†on his face, people actually felt fear and power from his sermon.
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Dance Theraphy
The Growing Field of Dance Therapy In the world of therapy, there are many routes that can be taken by college graduates to lead successful lives. There are the â€Å"norms†such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and recreational therapy. There are also the therapy types that have not been exposed quite as much as the aforementioned and should be because they are definitely exciting and should be explored. Among these is the lucrative field of dance therapy. Dance therapy is one of, if not the, most interesting career available to graduates of college today.Sometimes called dance movement therapy, dance therapy requires not only using your body to assist your client. This concentration of therapy relies on your body and your mind. â€Å"Based on the principle that movement reflects an individual's patterns of thinking and feeling, the therapist acknowledges and supports clients' movements, encouraging the development of new movement patterns and the emotional experie nces that may accompany these changes (www. prospects. ac. uk). As a dance therapist, your job would consist of â€Å"using movement and dance to enable personal, emotional, cognitive, spiritual, physical and social integration and development (www. prospects. ac. uk). †That being said, with the systematical care and guide of a dance therapist, someone’s life is enhanced greatly. However, systematical means there are more things to this job than just its description. For instance, as a dance therapist you would need resources to assist you in enhancing your client’s life. Let’s take a look at that. When thinking of dance therapy, the main word to focus on is dance.There is not much needed to dance except for the human body. It is because of this that dance therapist are able to work with multiple populations of people. â€Å"Dance movement therapists support a broad range of individuals, including those with: †¢emotional or mental health needs; â⠂¬ ¢physical disabilities; †¢Personal development needs (www. prospects. ac. uk). †For people who love people, the field of dance therapy can be very rewarding. Other resources a dance therapist may need are a stereo and compact disks, or tapes. Dance therapy is a very mobile profession.Because sometimes patients are not able to drive to their own appointments, it would be in the best interest of dance therapists to drive to the patient’s home or healthcare facility. â€Å"Dance therapy is practiced with both individuals and groups in health, education and social service settings, as well as in private practice (www. prospects. ac. uk). †Although a dance therapist may have a private practice, they may still opt to have some sort of transportation for their patients who are unable to drive on their own whether it is a personal vehicle or a company vehicle.Students who wish to enter the field of dance therapy should be capable and experienced drivers.  "Travel is a likely aspect of everyday working life and most therapists will need to be able to drive (www. prospects. ac. uk). †As a dance therapist there is no certain â€Å"place†to work, because you may just be all over the place! Although the rewards are great, the road to becoming a dance therapist is not an easy one. Because dance therapy is not only concentrating on a person’s body, but their mind, one must be well prepared before entering this profession.There are no undergraduate programs for dance therapy meaning before you can become a dance therapist, you must have a graduate degree. Although some graduate programs do not have a specific requirement for what your undergraduate degree should be, it is important to center it on dance therapy as much as possible. â€Å"Get your bachelor's degree in the performing or liberal arts. Take as many psychology courses as you can fit into your schedule because graduate schools will expect you to know the bas ics (www. prospects. ac. uk). It is also important to research the graduate school that you wish to attend thoroughly so that you know that the dance therapy program is accredited. â€Å"Relevant degree subjects include those in arts and humanities or those in life and medical sciences. In particular, the following subjects may increase your chances: †¢performing arts; †¢dance; †¢human movement; †¢psychology; †¢medicine; †¢Nursing. (www. prospects. ac. uk). †Although the dance therapy courses may be available to everyone attending the university, training in specific kinds of dance may be required to be dmitted to the dance therapy program. This may vary with each school. The job outlook of the dance therapy profession is one of the best that there is considering the downsizing of jobs that the United States has recently experienced. â€Å"Faster than average job growth is expected due to anticipated expansions in long-term care, physical and p sychiatric rehabilitation, and services for the disabled (keep2. sjfc. edu). †As a dance therapist, there is also the opportunity for advancement in the profession. Just as other professions offer the opportunity to become registered, so does dance therapy. Graduates from an â€Å"approved†dance/movement therapy program are eligible for the DTR (Dance Therapist Registered) credential (www. adta. org). †Earning this credential would definitely provide an increase in the already lucrative pay that dance therapists receive. So, just how much would a dance therapist make on an average paycheck? How does $20 sound to you? That may sound too good to be true, it has been reported that the average earnings of a dance therapist with a mere 1 to 4 years experience is $20 (See figure 1). Figure 1 Median Hourly Rate by Years Experience – Job: Dance Therapist (United States)Currency: USD | Updated: 6/8/2008 | Individuals reporting: 8 Although the world of dance thera py is an exciting one, there are some likes and dislikes that all students should explore before deciding if this is the right career for them. Some likes of this field would be the opportunity to develop relationships with all types of clients. From the very young to the very old, you will be making a difference in someone’s life. Another like would be the satisfaction that you would get from making someone’s life a whole lot better, thus, making your life a whole lot better.Some dislikes may be the paperwork that you would have to have from the observance of your clients to the point of their discharge from your services. Something else that some dance therapists may not like is the amount of driving that would have to be done for some clients. Looking at the good and the bad, if you have a heart for this profession, it is easy to see that the good definitely outweighs the bad. Dance therapy is something that I had never heard of before this class. As I skimmed throu gh the textbook to see what I would enjoy I came across dance therapy.The word that grabbed my attention was not therapy, but DANCE. Dancing is something that is a part of my culture and has been a part of my life forever. I danced as a child, as an adolescent, and I still dance now. I dance in my car, I dance in my home, and I dance at church. The thought of being able to dance to help someone was absolutely beautiful to me! As I researched the subject of dance therapy a little more, I discovered that this career is much needed and is very rewarding. Dance therapy not only assists patients with physical ailments but emotional issues as well.Imagine dancing with a teenage girl who has an eating disorder and watching her change for the better as you help her dance her way to a healthier new person. Wow! A profession like this is not only a fun one, but one that will touch anyone’s soul. Bibliography/ Sources used For job description: http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/ Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146 For resources: http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146 For places: http://www. rospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146 For education required: http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146=3 http://www. adta. org/faqs/#education2 For job growth potential: http://keep2. sjfc. edu/faculty/tspitzer/6-Creative%20Arts%20Therapist. htm http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146=3 For opportunities for advancement: Dance Theraphy The Growing Field of Dance Therapy In the world of therapy, there are many routes that can be taken by college graduates to lead successful lives. There are the â€Å"norms†such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and recreational therapy. There are also the therapy types that have not been exposed quite as much as the aforementioned and should be because they are definitely exciting and should be explored. Among these is the lucrative field of dance therapy. Dance therapy is one of, if not the, most interesting career available to graduates of college today.Sometimes called dance movement therapy, dance therapy requires not only using your body to assist your client. This concentration of therapy relies on your body and your mind. â€Å"Based on the principle that movement reflects an individual's patterns of thinking and feeling, the therapist acknowledges and supports clients' movements, encouraging the development of new movement patterns and the emotional experie nces that may accompany these changes (www. prospects. ac. uk). As a dance therapist, your job would consist of â€Å"using movement and dance to enable personal, emotional, cognitive, spiritual, physical and social integration and development (www. prospects. ac. uk). †That being said, with the systematical care and guide of a dance therapist, someone’s life is enhanced greatly. However, systematical means there are more things to this job than just its description. For instance, as a dance therapist you would need resources to assist you in enhancing your client’s life. Let’s take a look at that. When thinking of dance therapy, the main word to focus on is dance.There is not much needed to dance except for the human body. It is because of this that dance therapist are able to work with multiple populations of people. â€Å"Dance movement therapists support a broad range of individuals, including those with: †¢emotional or mental health needs; â⠂¬ ¢physical disabilities; †¢Personal development needs (www. prospects. ac. uk). †For people who love people, the field of dance therapy can be very rewarding. Other resources a dance therapist may need are a stereo and compact disks, or tapes. Dance therapy is a very mobile profession.Because sometimes patients are not able to drive to their own appointments, it would be in the best interest of dance therapists to drive to the patient’s home or healthcare facility. â€Å"Dance therapy is practiced with both individuals and groups in health, education and social service settings, as well as in private practice (www. prospects. ac. uk). †Although a dance therapist may have a private practice, they may still opt to have some sort of transportation for their patients who are unable to drive on their own whether it is a personal vehicle or a company vehicle.Students who wish to enter the field of dance therapy should be capable and experienced drivers.  "Travel is a likely aspect of everyday working life and most therapists will need to be able to drive (www. prospects. ac. uk). †As a dance therapist there is no certain â€Å"place†to work, because you may just be all over the place! Although the rewards are great, the road to becoming a dance therapist is not an easy one. Because dance therapy is not only concentrating on a person’s body, but their mind, one must be well prepared before entering this profession.There are no undergraduate programs for dance therapy meaning before you can become a dance therapist, you must have a graduate degree. Although some graduate programs do not have a specific requirement for what your undergraduate degree should be, it is important to center it on dance therapy as much as possible. â€Å"Get your bachelor's degree in the performing or liberal arts. Take as many psychology courses as you can fit into your schedule because graduate schools will expect you to know the bas ics (www. prospects. ac. uk). It is also important to research the graduate school that you wish to attend thoroughly so that you know that the dance therapy program is accredited. â€Å"Relevant degree subjects include those in arts and humanities or those in life and medical sciences. In particular, the following subjects may increase your chances: †¢performing arts; †¢dance; †¢human movement; †¢psychology; †¢medicine; †¢Nursing. (www. prospects. ac. uk). †Although the dance therapy courses may be available to everyone attending the university, training in specific kinds of dance may be required to be dmitted to the dance therapy program. This may vary with each school. The job outlook of the dance therapy profession is one of the best that there is considering the downsizing of jobs that the United States has recently experienced. â€Å"Faster than average job growth is expected due to anticipated expansions in long-term care, physical and p sychiatric rehabilitation, and services for the disabled (keep2. sjfc. edu). †As a dance therapist, there is also the opportunity for advancement in the profession. Just as other professions offer the opportunity to become registered, so does dance therapy. Graduates from an â€Å"approved†dance/movement therapy program are eligible for the DTR (Dance Therapist Registered) credential (www. adta. org). †Earning this credential would definitely provide an increase in the already lucrative pay that dance therapists receive. So, just how much would a dance therapist make on an average paycheck? How does $20 sound to you? That may sound too good to be true, it has been reported that the average earnings of a dance therapist with a mere 1 to 4 years experience is $20 (See figure 1). Figure 1 Median Hourly Rate by Years Experience – Job: Dance Therapist (United States)Currency: USD | Updated: 6/8/2008 | Individuals reporting: 8 Although the world of dance thera py is an exciting one, there are some likes and dislikes that all students should explore before deciding if this is the right career for them. Some likes of this field would be the opportunity to develop relationships with all types of clients. From the very young to the very old, you will be making a difference in someone’s life. Another like would be the satisfaction that you would get from making someone’s life a whole lot better, thus, making your life a whole lot better.Some dislikes may be the paperwork that you would have to have from the observance of your clients to the point of their discharge from your services. Something else that some dance therapists may not like is the amount of driving that would have to be done for some clients. Looking at the good and the bad, if you have a heart for this profession, it is easy to see that the good definitely outweighs the bad. Dance therapy is something that I had never heard of before this class. As I skimmed throu gh the textbook to see what I would enjoy I came across dance therapy.The word that grabbed my attention was not therapy, but DANCE. Dancing is something that is a part of my culture and has been a part of my life forever. I danced as a child, as an adolescent, and I still dance now. I dance in my car, I dance in my home, and I dance at church. The thought of being able to dance to help someone was absolutely beautiful to me! As I researched the subject of dance therapy a little more, I discovered that this career is much needed and is very rewarding. Dance therapy not only assists patients with physical ailments but emotional issues as well.Imagine dancing with a teenage girl who has an eating disorder and watching her change for the better as you help her dance her way to a healthier new person. Wow! A profession like this is not only a fun one, but one that will touch anyone’s soul. Bibliography/ Sources used For job description: http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/ Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146 For resources: http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146 For places: http://www. rospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146 For education required: http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146=3 http://www. adta. org/faqs/#education2 For job growth potential: http://keep2. sjfc. edu/faculty/tspitzer/6-Creative%20Arts%20Therapist. htm http://www. prospects. ac. uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p! eipaL? state=showocc=146=3 For opportunities for advancement:
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTHAMPTON Essays - Education, Free Essays
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTHAMPTON Essays - Education, Free Essays THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTHAMPTON Faculty for Business and Law MODULE: Negotiations across Cultures (Assignment 2 of 2 ) 201 8 Module Code Level Credit Value Module Tutor STRM060 - STD- 16 /17 7 20 Gwen Lee Assignment Brief Assignment title: Group presentatio n along the below lecture topic Duration: 15 minutes - plus or minus 1 minute professional presentation in groups of 3-6 students. Weighting: 40% Submission date / Presentation date: 23 July 2018 30 July for the presentations to commence. RESIT TBC once the first submission grades have been agreed. Usually after the module has finished to give students' time to prepare for the STRM060 assignment 2 and any other first sit modules they may also be talking. 1. Purpose of the Assessment The purpose of this assignment is to facilitate that students, in groups of 3-6, present in-depth a topic that has been covered in one of the Workshops. Furthermore, students will have the opportunity to discuss their personal and professional progression following the engagement with this module. While the first assignment specifically addresses a direct negotiation topic / question the second assignment allows for the exploration of a topic that the groups wish to academically explore further. There is a reflection and analysis element relating to each individual student. Assignment two seek to advance the recognition by students how the knowledge that stems from this module contributes to their personal and professional development. This self-discovery, and the subsequent implementation into daily practice is of considerable relevance as this will ensure the acquired knowledge and skills can unfold material and non-material benefits for the students as well as for the wider community. 2. Assessment t ask Type of Assessment The assignment is a group presentation with 3 - 6 group members. Requirements and components of the task The presentation is presenting an academically competent topic which links directly with a theme / topic relating to negotiating. Students, within their group, shall adequately address and discuss what they have academically researched and learned collectively in alignment with their group's chosen theme / topic. NB It is particularly important to link to established academic concepts, theories and models as this is a MBA Level 7 presentation / assessment. The final element is individual and each student should aim to demonstrate their own learning journey throughout the duration of this module covering what they have learned. This final element allows the articulate how students can implement the learning into their daily practice, both professionally and personally. Expected Format The presentation shall be recorded on-site with all group members present. Students are expected to equally distribute the work load and th e speaking time during their 15 presentation, plus or minus 1 minute, and 60 - 90 seconds for the individual self-reflection) . The presentations must be of excellent formatting standard i.e. professional. Information about content, structure, formatting and other expectations will be provided in the assignment briefing i n the corresponding workshop. A working baseline should be to keep it simple, avoid cartoon images, avoid having too many words on the slides, do not read from the screen, include quality academic Harvard style references with at least two per slide and it must be a professional MBA Level 7 academic presentation. Individual contribution and total time All group members must contribute equality in the allot presentation time. Assessment breakdown / guidance 1. Ability to display critical thinking relating towards the various topics around negotiating at the minimum requirements of MBA Level 7 quality or above? (using theory, concepts, examples explained, further elaborated on, confronted with another and possible contradicted? ( 30 %) 2. Quality of citations and referencing - MBA Level 7 quality - (stringency of references used, and formatted, Harvard Referencing) (25 %) - 3. How is the visual presentation of the presentation and adherence to formality (i.e. typos, formatting stringency, slide numbering, font sizes, general appearance, integration of media, etc.)? It needs to be professionally presented (15 %) - 4. Ability to conclude and to issue recommendations (is there a formal conclusion in the presentation in screen format and spoken format, that summarises the important learning, and are recommendations provided based on the content of the presentation at MBA Level
Monday, October 21, 2019
Review of The Treaty Of Versailles essays
Review of The Treaty Of Versailles essays Studying the Treaty of Versailles form the side of the winning group may seem quite easy. Can a benefactor of the allied efforts actually review the fairness of the treaty in just and unbiased way This is what I hope to accomplish with my paper reviewing the treaty, and reparations held within. To start, I would like to review the sources I am currently using and their general ideas: The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment After 75 Years New York University Press, New York USA Mr. Boerneke starts his book with a straight review of the articles in the treaty and explains what each one of them means in general terms. After this review he gives yet another overview of the historical events which would later be affected by these articles; such as the massive increase in German nationalism under the Nazi regime and the German peoples anger towards the loss of the corridor lands along the border with France. As well, Boerneke talks about the ill effects of the treaty on Italy, after they lost land along the north they were promised in 1915. Overall this is a great book, and will be the primary source for my paper. Mr. Blahuts review starts off with the general post-war standing of each nation , and the type of punishment they wish upon Germany. He talks more about Woodrow Wilson more than the rest of the allied leaders, discussing Wilsons poor efforts to find a point of compromise in the treaty, which in turn led to the massive emotional eruption in World War II. Most of his review covers the negativity which plagued Wilson throughout his journeys to and from Europe. His conclusion states that it was the American inability to find compromise in the treaty that eventually led to WWII through the increase of tension in Europe caused by the unfairness of Versailles. Frankfurt, Brest-Litovsk, Versailles: A Never Ending Story Mr. Broenings paper reviews and compares the three major...
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Introduction, Timeline and Advances of Ancient Mesopotamia
Introduction, Timeline and Advances of Ancient Mesopotamia Mesopotamia is an ancient civilization that took up pretty much everything that today is modern Iraq and Syria, a triangular patch wedged between the Tigris River, the Zagros Mountains, and the Lesser Zab River. Mesopotamia is considered the first urban civilization, that is to say, it was the first society which has provided evidence of people deliberately living in close proximity to one another, with attendant social and economic structures to allow that to occur peaceably. Generally, people speak of north and south Mesopotamia, most prominently during the Sumer (south) and Akkad (north) periods between about 3000-2000 BC. However, the histories of the north and south dating back to the sixth millennium BC are divergent; and later the Assyrian kings did their best to unite the two halves. Mesopotamian Chronology Dates after ca 1500 BC are generally agreed upon; important sites are listed in parentheses after each period. Ubaid Period [6500-4000 BC (Telloh, Ur, Ubaid, Oueili, Eridu, Tepe Gawra, H3 As-Sabiyah) Uruk Period [4000-3000 BC] (Brak, Hamoukar, Girsu/Telloh, Umma, Lagash, Eridu, Ur, Hacinebi Tepe, Chogha Mish)Jemdet Nasr [3200-3000 BC] (Uruk)Early Dynastic Period [3000-2350 BC] (Kish, Uruk, Ur, Lagash, Asmar, Mari, Umma, Al-Rawda)Akkadian [2350-2200 BC] (Agade, Sumer, Lagash, Uruk, Titris Hoyuk)Neo-Sumerian [2100-2000 BC] (Ur, Elam, Tappeh Sialk)Old Babylonian and Old Assyrian Periods [2000-1600 BC] (Mari, Ebla Babylon, Isin, Larsa, Asssur)Middle Assyrian [1600-1000 BC] (Babylon, Ctesiphon)Neo-Assyrian [1000-605 BC] (Nineveh)Neo-Babylonian [625-539 BC] (Babylon) Mesopotamian Advances Mesopotamia was first home to villages in the Neolithic period of around 6,000 BC. Permanent mudbrick residential structures were being constructed before the Ubaid period at southern sites such as Tell el-Oueili, as well as Ur, Eridu, Telloh, and Ubaid. At Tell Brak in northern Mesopotamia, architecture began appearing at least as early as 4400 BC. Temples were also in evidence by the sixth millennium, in particular at Eridu. The first urban settlements have been identified at Uruk, about 3900 BC, along with mass-produced wheel-thrown pottery, the introduction of writing, and cylinder seals.Tell Brak became a 130-hectare metropolis by 3500 BC; and by 3100 Uruk covered nearly 250 hectares. . Assyrian records written in cuneiform have been found and deciphered, allowing us much more information about the political and economic pieces of latter Mesopotamian society. In the north part was the kingdom of Assyria; to the south was the Sumerians and Akkadian in the alluvial plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Mesopotamia continued as a definable civilization right through the fall of Babylon (about 1595 BC). Of most concern today are the ongoing issues associated with the continuing war in Iraq, which has gravely damaged much of the archaeological sites and allowed looting to occur, as described in a recent article by archaeologist Zainab Bahrani. Mesopotamian Sites Important Mesopotamian sites include: Tell el-Ubaid, Uruk, Ur, Eridu, Tell Brak, Tell el-Oueili, Nineveh, Pasargardae, Babylon, Tepe Gawra, Telloh, Hacinebi Tepe, Khorsabad, Nimrud, H3, As Sabiyah, Failaka, Ugarit, Uluburun Sources Ãâ€"mà ¼r Harmansah at the Joukowsky Institute at Brown University is in the process of developing a course on Mesopotamia, which looks really useful. Bernbeck, Reinhard 1995 Lasting alliances and emerging competition: Economic developments in early Mesopotamia. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 14(1):1-25. Bertman, Stephen. 2004. Handbook to Life in Mesopotamia. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Brusasco, Paolo 2004 Theory and practice in the study of Mesopotamian domestic space. Antiquity 78(299):142-157. De Ryck, I., A. Adriaens, and F. Adams 2005 An overview of Mesopotamian bronze metallurgy during the 3rd millennium BC. Journal of Cultural Heritage 6261–268. Jahjah, Munzer, Carlo Ulivieri, Antonio Invernizzi, and Roberto Parapetti 2007 Archaeological remote sensing application pre-postwar situation of Babylon archaeological site- Iraq. Acta Astronautica 61:121–130. Luby, Edward M. 1997 The Ur-Archaeologist: Leonard Woolley and the treasures of Mesopotamia. Biblical Archaeology Review 22(2):60-61. Rothman, Mitchell 2004 Studying the development of complex society: Mesopotamia in the late fifth and fourth millennia BC. Journal of Archaeological Research 12(1):75-119. Wright, Henry T. 2006 Early state dynamics as political experiment. Journal of Anthropological Research 62(3):305-319. Zainab Bahrani. 2004. Lawless in Mesopotamia. Natural History 113(2):44-49
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Diversity in Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Diversity in Workplace - Essay Example According to Hofstede (2001), the culture background of an individual largely varies across different nations or their place of origin. It also influences how they interact with other people in the society, display social behaviour, perceive different stimuli and practise social customs. Thus, it can be stated that the individuals belonging from different cultural or ethnic background bear different psychological profile personality trait. stated that a workforce is more effective in delivering higher output if it is composed of employees from different cultural background. It gives the organisation a diverse employee base with employees bearing different personality traits suitable for different organisational activities. Green et al., (2012) further stated that diversity in an organisation should also be maintained on the grounds of gender distribution. As of now, in a typical organisation the male employees outnumber the female employees. These situations have become quite challen ging for the organisation and they have taken several steps towards its improvement. The racial discrimination in the US against the minority group of Muslim is quite prevalent. Major terrorist attack incidents have been linked to the entire community, which as a result has led to the increased discrimination of the Muslims by a large number of western population. According to the reports of Greenhouse (2010), the religious discrimination against the Muslims has found its way into the organisational behaviour of several firms.
Friday, October 18, 2019
My Special Woman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
My Special Woman - Essay Example I was very happy in the relationship. I wanted to spend more and more time with her . It was all about us. She made me forget about anything else in the word. It was fantastic. I was clearly falling in love. From the malls, cinemas, fancy restaurants, and amusement parks to vacations together - nothing seemed to be able to ever separate us. After a while I suggested her to live with me. Actually, the relationship with my roommate wasn’t really smooth, and, therefore, it was the best time for her to replace him. At first, she had doubts and did not want to move in with me. However, after some hesitations, she decided to take a step. Immediately, we started to organize our life together, and of course we purchased furniture at Value City - our favorite store at the time. We would spend hours at Walmart shopping around and looking for small staff to make up our house. In a short time, our home was fully equipped. Then came my birthday. She surprised me with a cake with a picture of me and my family on top of it. That really touched me since my mom and brother were back home. It was like a family reunion for me. Moreover, she prepared a celebration party for me. I am always having a good time on my birthdays. She is never tired of surprising me again and again. Every year she does something extraordinary and something especially for me to make sure I am happy. Living togheter has definetly improved our relationship. We had become a real family, particularly when her son joined to live with us.
Sacagawea-the greatest souls so easily forgotten Essay
Sacagawea-the greatest souls so easily forgotten - Essay Example There had been only scare legitimate information on the life and times of Sacagawea, but the reality which remains quite clear is that the lady deserved to be adorned as a crucial part in the American history. Sacagawea was only 16 years of age when she joined the Lewis and Clarke expedition (National Park Service, 2007). There is difference of opinion on the early years of her life. The year of birth of Sacagawea is supposed to be 1790 (National Park Service, 2007). One of the argument about her life history is that the girl which born as the daughter Shoshone chief, was kidnapped by Hidatsa and was taken to their village in Missouri at an age of ten. She was married there by a French trapper named Toussaint Charbonneau (PBS, 2008). When Lewis and Clarke engaged Toussaint Charbonneau in the team of expedition as an interpreter with exposure to the local people and conditions, his wife Sacagawea also joined the team. Her expertise in the Shoshone language prompted the team leaders to engage her so that she may be of help to them in taking help from Shoshone tribes in exploring and fighting over the naturally complex terrains and water heads (Clark & Edmonds, 1983). The factor of sacrifice and hardship that Sacagawea had made is confirmed while considering the fact she was pregnant when joining the tedious Lewis and Clarke expedition as an interpreter. Sacagawea proved to be a real heroine while being with the team. In 1805, she rescued quite crucial documents which included journal of the expedition from the river as it fell down from the boat. In recognition of her timely action, the leaders of the team named the river after her as Sacagawea River (Clark & Edmonds, 1983). In this context, it must be remembered with honor that without the help and service of Sacagawea the evidence of the so crucial periods in the history of American land would have been lost. Later the role Sacagawea as a
Thursday, October 17, 2019
A presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
A presentation - Essay Example Moriz Kaposi proponed there were two types of lupus erythematosus: the disseminated form and the discoid form. In 1904, Osler in Baltimore and Jadassohn in Vienna firmly established the existence of a disseminated form of lupus. Other than the discovery of the LE Cell, there were two other immunologic markers realized to be associated with lupus: the biologic false-positive test for syphilis12 and the immune-fluorescent test for antinuclear antibodies. Medical reports have revealed the extent to which lupus erythematous has spread within the population. The ration as it stands is between 20 to 150 cases in every 100,000 people. If we zero in on the United States, the pervasiveness of the disease is estimated at around 53 cases in every 100,000. While working in Baltimore, Moore carried out a study which drew the conclusion that systemic lupus developed in 7 percent of the 148 subjects who suffered from chronic false-positive tests for syphilis and also, a further 30 percent of the same number had symptoms consistent with collagen disease. Medical reports have revealed that prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the population is 20 to 150 cases per
Enhancing Correctional and Rehabilitation Results in Prision Research Paper
Enhancing Correctional and Rehabilitation Results in Prision - Research Paper Example In hindsight, in the 1970s, it was viewed that inmates who undergo rehabilitation are being left off easy and advocating such rehabilitations were seen as naivety. It is interesting to perceive that as society has been evolving through the years the propensity for criminal activities have also increased. But through the years, society changed its perception that indeed prisons must prepare the inmates in their re-entry to the community and not just serve as establishments to lock them up and serve their due time. Omar (2001) stated that â€Å"it is the general consensus that the fundamental objective of corrections is rehabilitation, whether such institutions are prisons, juvenile centers and other types of correctional institutions†. He added that the treatment process is directed towards the eventual return to the community of the inmates as law abiding and socially productive citizens. It is therefore the ultimate goal of correction facilities to reduce recidivism. Gaes et al. (1998) establishes that education, vocational training, and prison labor programs have decent effects on not only reducing criminal recidivism but also increasing positive behavior in prison. Although it was concluded that sex offender interventions proved to have been the most problematic. Treatments and rehabilitation practices should be adjusted and fitted to specific offender deficits. It is also worth noting that juvenile interventions yield better and stronger results than adult rehabilitations. Gaes et al. (1998) focused on four domains of adult intervention; 1) cognitive skills training, 2) intensive in-prison drug treatment, 3) educational instruction, vocational, and industrial training, and 4) sex-offender treatment. Based on meta-analyses, qualitative analyses, and reviews of component elements of successful programs, it was established that the most success in terms of criminal recidivism was achieved through emphasis on cognitive and skill building techniques. This approach is able to correct impulsivity by teaching consequential thinking, fatalistic thinking by practicing assessment of the role their thinking has affected their actions, antisocial behavior by teaching them skills for them to be prosocial, and social adjustments by teaching self-control techniques (Gaes et al., 1998) Aside from behavioral deficiencies, it is also an established fact that individuals under the influence of illegal drugs have greater tendency to commit crimes, and Gaes et al. (1998) notes that the level of crime is dramatically amplified by the use of drugs. It is of then a necessity in correctional facilities to incorporate drug rehabilitations for the inmates so as for them not to regress back to using such substances once they are released to society. While this approach is successful in reducing drug relapse of the criminals for up to 18months upon release, proper monitoring and probationary status must also be implemented to avoid recidivism. Gaes et al. ( 1998) also cites that prison education and work programs improve the inmates’ institutional behavior and promote prosocial activities after the release. By increasing the inmates’ functional literacy, the chances of having a lawful job opportunities also increases. Such an approach also promotes the maturity of the individuals, equipping them with better decision-making skills that are vital for them to keep them away from crime after release. Gaes et al. (199
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
A presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
A presentation - Essay Example Moriz Kaposi proponed there were two types of lupus erythematosus: the disseminated form and the discoid form. In 1904, Osler in Baltimore and Jadassohn in Vienna firmly established the existence of a disseminated form of lupus. Other than the discovery of the LE Cell, there were two other immunologic markers realized to be associated with lupus: the biologic false-positive test for syphilis12 and the immune-fluorescent test for antinuclear antibodies. Medical reports have revealed the extent to which lupus erythematous has spread within the population. The ration as it stands is between 20 to 150 cases in every 100,000 people. If we zero in on the United States, the pervasiveness of the disease is estimated at around 53 cases in every 100,000. While working in Baltimore, Moore carried out a study which drew the conclusion that systemic lupus developed in 7 percent of the 148 subjects who suffered from chronic false-positive tests for syphilis and also, a further 30 percent of the same number had symptoms consistent with collagen disease. Medical reports have revealed that prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the population is 20 to 150 cases per
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
NAEYC article assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
NAEYC article assignment - Essay Example The United States is a diverse country and an early education centre is likely to have many children with different linguistic backgrounds. The inability of early child educators to speak all the home languages of children makes it difficult to preserve those languages. The lack of programs focusing on instilling early educators with relevant languages makes it impossible for the teachers to respond appropriately to the call of preserving home languages of children. The design of early education program still makes it a huge challenge for early educators to meet the needs of children and families in terms of linguistic and cultural diversity. Early childhood programs are basically designed with the main language as English, which does not reflect the diverse nature of the American population. The implementation of the NAEYC recommendations requires complete dedication of the early childhood educator. As such I will actively engage with parents and strive to gain knowledge about all the children in order to ensure that each child is served better. I will ensure coherent working relationship with parents in order to ensure that I provide quality care and education for every child under my
Monday, October 14, 2019
Differentiated Instruction Essay Example for Free
Differentiated Instruction Essay â€Å"What Is a Differentiated Classroom?†is the title of the first chapter of our course text. Below the title is a quote from Seymour Sarason’s â€Å"The Predictable Failure of Educational Reform.†The quote states: â€Å"A different way to learn is what the kids are calling for †¦.All of them are talking about how our one-size-fits-all delivery system – which mandates that everyone learn the same thing at the same time, no matter what their individual needs – has failed them. This is a powerful statement and one that admittedly paints an accurate picture of much of my teaching style coming into this course – â€Å"a one-size-fits-all delivery system. †My initial reaction to the opening statement was a bit defensive and off-putting. As I continued to read, I was momentarily validated when shortly afterwards I read that teacher’s often ask the question â€Å"How can I possibly divide time, resources and myself so that I am an effective catalyst for maximizing talent in all my students?†There are seemingly just too many needs and variables to reach the masses in a classroom. Teach to the middle seems to be a logical strategy. If we assume the 80-20 rule, we can reach 80% of the students fairly effectively with this methodology. Of the remaining 20 %, some portion of them should be able to glean part of the information. To be sure, I am available and encouraging of questions to assist in understanding. Additionally, I may grade an individual’s work with some reasonable variance. But other than some on-the-fly adjustments I may make to assignments as I see need that is the extent of my differentiation in t he classroom. SEEMS reasonable enough! Or should I say SEEMED reasonable enough!! The remainder of chapter one promptly provided a stern but inspirational slap-in-the-face. It offered a quick but stark contrast to my seemingly logical method of operation. A few of the â€Å"differentiation†concepts highlighted which served as motivation a prompted further reading: †¢Teachers begin where students are, not from the start of a curriculum guide †¢Teachers must be ready to engage students in instruction through different modalities, by appealing to differing interests, and by using varied rates of instruction along with varied degrees of complexity †¢Teachers provide specific ways for each individual to learn as deeply as possible and as quickly as possible, without assuming one student’s road map for learning is identical to anyone else’s. †¢Teachers begin with a clear and solid sense of what constitutes powerful curriculum and engaging instruction. Then they ask what it will take to modify that instruction so that each learner comes away with understandings and skills. †¢It is difficult to achieve a differentiated classroom because there are few examples of them. (Tomlinson, 1999) With these thoughts as an introduction and tapping into my drive for continual improvement the stage was set for the course. Moving forward, I see in retrospect, what chapter one did for peeking my interest in differentiated instruction I believe the rest of the book, the course workbook and the course itself did for laying the foundation towards true implementation. The following are four lesson plans I have developed to begin the process of differentiating lessons for my students. The differentiated concepts utilized are Entry Points, Problem Solving, Sternberg’s 3 Intelligences and Extension Menu’s. These lessons, while unique in their methodologies, all reflect the underlying assumption of Differentiated Instruction (DI). And that assumption, as reflected in a graphic organizer in our course workbook, is that †¦.Differentiation is a response to the learner’s needs using learning profiles, interests and readiness in content, process and product. The first lesson constructed utilizes Howard Gardner’s â€Å"Entry Points†strategy. This lesson is designed to account for the various learning profiles of student’s and is based off of Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences theory. The major tenet of MI theory is that people learn, represent, and utilize knowledge in many different ways. These differences challenge an educational system which assumes that everyone can learn the same materials in the same way and that a uniform, universal measure suffices to educate and test student learning. According to Gardner, the broad spectrum of studentsand perhaps the society as a wholewould be better served if disciplines could be presented in a number of ways and learning could be accessed through a variety of means.†The Multiple Intelligences postulated in this theory are: †¢Linguistic Intelligence The capacity to use oral and/or written words effectively. †¢Logical-Mathematical Intelligence the ability to effectively use numbers and to reason. †¢Spatial Intelligence the capacity to accurately perceive the visual/spatial world and create internal mental images. †¢Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence the ability to skillfully move ones body and to move and manipulate objects. †¢Musical Intelligence a sensitivity to and grasp of the elements of music. †¢Interpersonal Intelligence the capacity to perceive and distinguish moods, intentions, and feelings of others. and using simulations to learn about events, feelings and alternative strategies for behaving. †¢Intrapersonal Intelligence the ability to know ones self and act on the basis of that knowledge. †¢Naturalistic intelligence – the ability to recognize and classify plants, animals, and minerals including a mastery of taxonomies. (The Theory of Multiple Intelligences) Stemming from the MI theory is Gardner’s â€Å"Entry Point†strategy for education. According to this strategy, Gardner proposes student exploration of a given topic through as many as five avenues: Narrational (presenting a story), Logical-Quantitative (using numbers or deduction), Foundational (examining philosophy and vocabulary), Aesthetic (focusing on sensory features), and Experiential (hands-on). (Grants and Research Office) In utilizing the Entry Point strategy in the first lesson plan, students will explore and be introduced to the world of â€Å"new products and services through invention, innovation and discovery†via four of the five entry points listed: Narrational, Logical-Quantitative, Foundational and Aesthetic. The fifth entry point, Experiential, is included in the unit lesson and will be used as a summative experience. The differentiated design of this lesson taps into the multiple learning styles of students through a variety of processes. Teaching Strategies Entry Point Strategies for subject â€Å"New Products†: †¢Narrative: Students browse the internet searching for new products which have recently been introduced to the consumer. Student’s compile a list of their findings as they progress. †¢Logical/Mathmatic: Students gather statistics regarding the sales of a product over the products life cycle. Student’s then incorporate that statistical data into a graph via excel †¢Aesthetic: Students create a collage of new products along with the demographic who would utilize the product †¢Foundational: Entrepreneurship: Students view three of a possible five video clips on the role of Inventors/Innovators/Entrepreneurs and their connection to new products. Discussion to follow †¢Experiential: Field Trip to QVC to view new products as they are being displayed, advertised and sold The second of the four differentiated lessons centers on the essential question of â€Å"What is the Six Step Developmental Process?†The differentiated strategy employed in this lesson is based on Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Human Intelligence. I looked forward to putting this lesson together as Sternberg’s theory is one that resonates with me. Coming from the business management world, and being new to the vocation of teaching, I find much of my class instruction project based with a real world â€Å"practical†slant. Additionally, as a manager in business, one is constantly striving to place the correct people in the correct roles within a company. Hiring’s, training, evaluations, promotions, firings, relocations are all a product of a manager’s evaluation of employees strengths, talents, weaknesses and deficiencies. When evaluating and placing individual’s the criteria often looked at are an employee’s analytical, cre ative and practical skills. This theory strikes me as a perfect correlation between educational/intellectual theory and real world application. A brief summary of Dr. Sternbergs Triarchic Theory of (Successful) Intelligence contends that intelligent behavior arises from a balance between analytical, creative and practical abilities, and that these abilities function collectively to allow individuals to achieve success within particular contexts. Analytical abilities enable the individual to evaluate, analyze, compare and contrast information. Creative abilities generate invention, discovery, and other creative endeavors. Practical abilities tie everything together by allowing individuals to apply what they have learned in the appropriate setting. To be successful in life the individual must make the best use of his or her analytical, creative and practical strengths, while at the same time compensating for weaknesses in any of these areas. This might involve working on improving weak areas to become better adapted to the needs of a particular environment, or choosing to work in an environment that values the individuals particular strengths (Plucker). As applied to the classroom, it is important to provide students with the opportunity to learn based off of their natural and stronger intellectual ability(ies). Too often, education has tried to fit everyone into the â€Å"Analytical†mold. However, it is to be noted, t eachers should also strive to provide the opportunity for students to learn subject material via their weaker intellectual ability as well so as to simultaneously develop intellectual learning abilities as well as a base of knowledge in a particular subject matter. Teaching Strategies Sternberg Based Strategies for lesson â€Å"Developing New Products – The Six Step Process†: †¢Analytical †¢Identify the Six Step Developmental Process in developing a new product. †¢Choose and research one of the product options given and cite how that product progressed through each of the six step process †¢Write a one page summary on your thoughts of the effectiveness of the Six Step Process in the development of the product you chose. Would you have followed the same process or deviated at any point? State why or why not and if you would have deviated state how and why. †¢Creative †¢Identify the Six Step Developmental Process in developing a new product. †¢Describe a fictional product that you would like to see invented †¢Assume the role of an inventor and take your fictional product through the Six Step Developmental Process. Describe the considerations and possible decisions made at each step. †¢Create a model of your product via a picture or prototype †¢Practical †¢Identify the Six Step Developmental Process in developing a new product. †¢Describe a product you use and find valuable in everyday life †¢ Assume you were the inventor/innovator of the product you described, describe some of the considerations and decisions you believe were made at each step of the Six Step Developmental Process. †¢In a presentation, show and demonstrate the product you have chosen and describe some of the elements of the Six Step Developmental Process you believe were critical in its development. The third of the four lesson plans has as its content the â€Å"Marketing Mix.†The essential questions the students are to acquire answers to and achieve understanding for center around the â€Å"Distribution†component of the Marketing Mix. The DI teaching strategy to be utilized in this lesson is that of â€Å"Problem Based Learning.†As with Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Learning this particular strategy also resonates strongly with me. Again, coming from the business world, I see great value in a Problem Based Learning approach. It is very often how business gets done. Answers to problems must be contemplated, researched, solutions designed, implemented, evaluated †¦process repeated. Taking both DI approaches a step further, I see that merging Sternberg’s theory with Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a way of maximizing the PBL approach. A quick summarization of PBL: Problem-based learning (PBL) is an approach that challenges students to learn through engagement in a real problem. It is a format that simultaneously develops both problem solving strategies and disciplinary knowledge bases and skills by placing students in the active role of problem-solvers confronted with a situation that simulates the kind of problems they are likely to face as future managers in complex organizations. Problem-based learning is student-centered. PBL makes a fundamental shiftfrom a focus on teaching to a focus on learning. The process is aimed at using the power of authentic problem solving to engage students and enhance their learning and motivation. There are several unique aspects that define the PBL approach: †¢Learning takes place within the contexts of authentic tasks, issues, and problemsthat are aligned with real-world concerns. †¢In a PBL course, students and the instructor become co-learners, co-planners, co-producers, and co-evaluators as they design, implement, and continually refine their curricula. †¢The PBL approach is grounded in solid academic research on learning and on the best practices that promote it. This approach stimulates students to take responsibility for their own learning, since there are few lectures, no structured sequence of assigned readings, and so on. †¢PBL is unique in that it fosters collaboration among students, stresses the development of problem solving skills within the context of professional practice, promotes effective reasoning and self-directed learning, and is aimed at increasing motivation for life-long learning. (Purser) Below is a diagram located from the University of California, Irvine website. I found it succinct and anticipate it to be very helpful as I move forward in the implementation of Problem Based Learning in my classroom. WHAT: HOW? WHY? Student-centered Experiential Select authentic assignments from the discipline, preferably those that would be relevant and meaningful to student interests. Students are also responsible for locating and evaluating various resources in the field. Relevance is one of the primary student motivators to be a more self-directed learner Inductive Introduce content through the process of problem solving, rather than problem solving after introduction to content. Research indicates that â€Å"deeper†learning takes place when information is introduced within a meaningful context. Builds on/challenges prior learning If the case has some relevance to students, then they are required to call on what they already know or think they know. By focusing on their prior learning, students can test assumptions, prior learning strategies, and facts. The literature suggests that learning takes placewhen there is a conflict between prior learning and new information. Context-specific Choose real or contrived cases and ground the count in the kinds of challenges faced by practitioners in the field. Again, context-specific information tends to be learned at a deeper level and retained longer. Problems are complex and ambiguous, and require meta-cognition Select actual examples from the â€Å"real life†of the discipline that have no simple answers. Require students to analyze their own problem solving strategies. Requires the ability to use higher order thinking skills such as analysis, synthesis, evaluation, and creation of new knowledge. Creates cognitive conflict Select cases with information that makes simple solutions difficult: while the solution may address one part of a problem, it may create another problem. Challenges prior learning as noted above. The literature suggests that learning takes place when there is a conflict between prior learning and new information. Collaborative Interdependent Have students work in small groups in order to address the presented case By collaborating, students see other kinds of problem solving strategies used, they discuss the case using their collective information, and they need to take responsibility for their own learning, as well as their classmates’. (Gallow) †¢What are the four components of the â€Å"Marketing Mix†and which component deals with the delivery of a product to the consumer market? †¢What are the three methods of distribution†? †¢How does the method of distribution a company selects impact availability to the consumer? Teaching Strategies â€Å"Problem Based Learning†Strategy for lesson on the Marketing Mix component of â€Å"Distribution†: †¢Problem/Scenario: In pairs, â€Å"Marketing Partners†will determine the best methodology to â€Å"DISTRIBUTE†the product assigned to their â€Å"Marketing Firm.††¢Problems to solve/Questions to answer: †¢What distribution channels does the competitor use? †¢Create in table form your competitors names, distribution channels and relative success of the competitor †¢What distribution options are viable for your company? †¢Create in table form a list of all possible distribution channels for your product as well as the benefits and drawbacks of each channel †¢In email form, compose a letter to your Director of Marketing defining the three levels of distribution intensity (Intensive, Exclusive and Selective) and indicate which level you recommend utilizing and explain why. †¢Based on the distribution intensity strategy you selected, create a data base (excel or word using tables) of at least 10 stores that may be a good fit to carry your product. Database should include the prospects: name, address, phone number, email and a short list of products carried. †¢Create a â€Å"Marketing Proposal Presentation†to deliver to your co-workers (class) which outlines your proposed distribution plan. The fourth lesson plan created and to be implemented as part of my new-and-improved DI Classroom of the future will utilize the strategy of Extension Menus. This lesson, as with the previous lesson, will have as its content the â€Å"Marketing Mix.†However, the focus and essential questions will center on the concept of â€Å"Promotion.†I see the significance and benefits of extension menus as many. Among the value points of extension menus is that they can be created to meet student needs using all three of the discussed vehicles: Learning Profiles, Interest and Readiness. In researching and then summarizing Extension Menus I have summarized the key elements in bullet form: Definition of Extension Menu An extension menu is an array of independent learning activities to provide students with choices for extending or enriching the essential curriculum. Purposes of Extension Menus †¢Enrich or extend the essential curriculum †¢Challenge the abilities of highly able students †¢Provide alternative activities that address the differing abilities, interests, or learning styles of students Advantages of Extension Menus †¢Can be written for any curriculum area †¢Provide rigorous and challenging learning activities for highly able students †¢May be tiered to accommodate all levels of instruction in the classroom †¢Can be used to target specific learning activities for an individual student or group of students †¢Allow student choice as well as challenge †¢Encourage the development of independent thinkers †¢Allow the teacher to monitor students’ choices and behaviors to learn more about their interests, abilities and learning styles †¢Promote student use of higher level thinking skills †¢ Promote flexible grouping in the classroom †¢Allow the teacher to be a facilitator Varied Uses of Extension Menus †¢Follow-up activity after a lesson †¢Culminating activity at the end of a unit †¢Anchoring activity (defined by Carol Ann Tomlinson as, â€Å"meaningful work done individually and silently especially when children first begin a class or when they finish assigned work †¢Learning center for enrichment and/or extension of the curriculum †¢Independent activity for students who have compacted out of specific curricular objectives or who have completed their work (Byrdseed, 2009-1012) Below is an Extension Menu I came across in my research. It will serve as a model moving forward. I thought it appropriate to include as an illustration of excellence. Tic-Tac-Toe Menu Collect Facts or ideas which are important to you. (Knowledge) Teach A lesson about your topic to our class. Include as least one visual aid. (Synthesis) Draw A diagram, map or picture of your topic. (Application) Judge Two different viewpoints about an issue. Explain your decision. (Evaluation) Photograph Videotape, or film part of your presentation. (Synthesis) Demonstrate Something to show what you have learned. (Application) Graph Some part of your study to show how many or how few. (Analysis) Create An original poem, dance, picture, song, or story. (Synthesis) Dramatize Something to show what you have learned. (Synthesis) Survey Others to learn their opinions about some fact, idea, or feature of your study. (Analysis) Forecast How your topic will change in the next 10 years. (Synthesis) Build A model or diorama to illustrate what you have learned. (Application) Create An original game using the facts you have learned. (Synthesis) Memorize And recite a quote or a short list of facts about your topic. (Knowledge) Write An editorial for the student newspaper or draw an editorial cartoon. (Evaluation) Compare Two things from your study. Look for ways they are alike and different. (Analysis) (schoolloop.com) For my first crack at Extension Menus I am offering a choice between three options. The projects assume a given level of â€Å"Readiness†as they are culminating exercises. â€Å"Interest†and â€Å"Learning Profiles†are tapped into as the choices offered are through the mediums of graphics (brochure), audio recordings (radio announcement-recorded or recited) or writings (public relations article). Additionally, the exercises also tap in Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory by meeting â€Å"Creative†and â€Å"Practical†components. †¢What are the four components of the â€Å"Marketing Mix†and which component deals with making the public aware of a business’ products or services? †¢What are the various methods of â€Å"Promotion†? †¢How do promotional activities influence consumers? Teaching Strategies Extension Menus for lesson on the Marketing Mix component of â€Å"Promotions†: Following unit lesson regarding the â€Å"Promotions†aspect of the Marketing Mix, students will be provided the opportunity to select one of three extension projects to demonstrate their knowledge of the subject. The basic nature of each assignment will vary to allow students the opportunity to select a methodology in which they are more inclined. The students will create either an artistic, written or verbal/kinesthetic product. †¢Extension Menu Project An entertainment group has just booked a three week engagement at your cities convention hall. Your marketing firm is one of two firms being considered to promote this event. You have been tasked to provide a sample marketing piece to win the job. Choose one of the following methodologies and create a â€Å"Promotional†piece for this event. Details of the event will be distributed. †¢Tri-fold Brochure: Using â€Å"Word†or a similar program, create a tri-fold brochure which pictures the entertainment groups major events and as well as various features of their business. †¢Public Relations Article: Using †Word,†create an article publicizing the coming of the entertainment group to your city and generate a â€Å"buzz†that will draw attendance to the various events. †¢Radio Announcement: Using a recording program, create a radio advertisement announcing the coming of the entertainment group to your city and highlight several of the main events. Also promote your station’s on-site appearance at one of the events. OR Write your radio announcements and perform them live for the class. As the saying goes †¦.†If you’re not moving forward – you’re moving backwards!†The challenge for us in this course, through classroom instruction, discussion, exercises, text readings and research, is to move forward in our instruction by way of transitioning from traditional methods of instruction to differentiated methods. I came into the course skeptical. I exit via this LEP project as encouraged and inspired. We talked about starting small and moving towards the greater goal. With these lesson plans and the tools acquired during class/research the foundation of a start have been laid. Works Cited (n.d.). Retrieved July Wednesday, 2012, from schoolloop.com: http://pps-pajaro-ca.schoolloop.com/file/1303568322190/1312697332954/8516106516570643153.pdf Byrdseed, I. (2009-1012). Byrdseed. Retrieved July Wednesday, 2012, from Offer Choice with Extension Menus: http://daretodifferentiate.wikispaces.com/file/view/Extension+Menu+directions+9.1.04.pdf Gallow, D. .. (n.d.). University of California, Irvine. Retrieved July Tuesday, 2012, from Problem-Based Learning Faculty Institute: http://www.pbl.uci.edu/whatispbl.html Grants and Research Office. (n.d.). Retrieved July Monday, 2012, from Applying Research to Practice:
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